Gas-burner.



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GAS BURNER.

APPLIGATION FILED MAB.16, 1908.

Patented Mar. 2, 1909.

limproved gas burner.

EDWARD SOHUMACHER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

GAS-BURNER.

Tosall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD So'HUMAoHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of' burner which is more particularly designed for use with natural or other gas in steam boilers and annealing furnaces.

The object of this invention is to provide a burner of this character' which can be readily adjusted to suit either a high or low pressure of natural gas and also regulated to suit the amount of heat which is required.

In the accom anying drawings: Figure 1 is a longitudina Lsectional elevation of my Fig. 2 is a rear elevation thereof. Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical cross sections of the burner in lines 3dS, and 4-4, Fig. 1, respectively. Fig. 5 is a detached bottom plan view of the rear inner shell section andthe parts mounted thereon.

Figs. 6 and7 are fragmentary longitudinal sections on an enlarged scale, of the shutter adjusting devices taken in lines 6-6 and 7-7, Fig. 5.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspondingy parts throughout the several views.

In its general organization my improved burner comprises a 'central forwardly tapering main mixing chamber having front and rear sections A, A* which communicate respectively with the furnace and with the external atmosphere, an annular steam chamber B surrounding the rear endv of the rear section of the mixing chamber, a rear annular gas chamber C surrounding the central part of the rear section of the mixing' chamber, a front annular gas chamber' D surrounding the front part of the rear section of the mixing chamber, an annular distributing by-pass E surrounding the rear end of the front section of the mixing chamber and an annular row of auxiliary mixing chambers F arranged around the front part of the front section of the mixing chamber. The rear section of the mixing chamber is formedwithin an inner forwardly taperin tubular shell a the bore of which is provide with alternating spiral ribs g and' grooves g1 so that the same has the eect of screw threads or riling, whereby the air, steam or Specification of Letters Patent.

Application i11ed March 16, 1908. Serial No. 421,516.

Patented March 2, 1909i.

@as or a mixture of the same is caused to pass forwardly through this section of the mixing chamber with a spiral or whirling motion.

The front section'of the mixin chamber isformed in an inner front she al which abuts at its rear end against the front end of the inner rear shell section and the same is provided with a smooth bore which permits thegaseous fuel to ass freely through the same. Owing to t e forwardly tapering formation of the front and rear mixing chamber sections the gaseous mixture is gradually compressed as it passes from the rear to the front end of the same, thereby causing the diHerent gaseous elements in the mixture to be compressed and thoroughly mixed, whereby the mixture upon issuing from the front end of the mixing chamber is in the best conditionfor perfect combustion and developing the greatest amount of heat.' The steam chamber B, rear gas chamber C and front gas chamber D are formed between the outer side. or periphery of the inner rear shell section and an outer rear shell section H surrounding the same, this outer rear shell section being preferably formed integrally with the front inner shell section, as shown in Fig. l. The rear end ofA the steam chamber is closed by an external annular iiange h on the section a bearing with its front side against the rear end of the outer rear shell section and secured thereto by bolt's h1. The steam chamber and the rear gas chamber are separated from each other by an external annular flange or shoulder 'i arranged on the rear inner shell section a and bearing with its front side against a similar flange or shoulder il in the bore of the outer rear shell. The rear gas chamber and the front gas chamber are separated from each other by an external annular flange or shoulder on the inner rear shell bearing with its front side a ainst the rearside of an internal flange or s oulder jl formed in the bore of the outer rear shell. The distributing by-pass is formed wholly within the connection between the outer rear shell section and the inner front shell section and is separated by a rear wall lc from the rear gas chamber while its front side is closed by a front wall 761. The steam chamber' is supplied with steam by means of a ipe' Lextending through the outer rear shellinto said chamber and provided with a valve l whereby the steam is controlled. The steam is delivered from` the-steam chamber into the mixing chamber by means of an annular row of jet openings Z1 extending through the rear inner shell section from the steam chamber into the bottom of the adjacent grooves therein. These jet openings are preferably arranged to form parts of .conical volutes so that the steam upon issuing from these openings will be directed into the rear portion ofthe mixlng 4chamber in spiral lines and thereby join the air entering at the rear of the mixing chamber and moving spirally in the same direction through the mixing chamber, whereby mixing of these elements is promoted.

M represents a gas distributing chamber arranged in the upper portion of lthe outer rear shell, m a gas supply passage or pipe connected with the distributing chamber, lm1 a branch passage extending from the distributing chamber to the rear gas chamber and N ings are preferably arranged to form parts of conical volutes, so that the gas issuing therefrom will move spirally in the same direction as the air and steam moving through the mixing chamber from the` rear end to the front end ofthe same, thereby aiding in intimately mixing these gaseous elements.

The escape of gas through these jet openings ois regulated by means of a ring-shaped shutter o1l arranged within an annular seat or groove o? in the periphery of the inner rear shell section andprovided with oblique ports o3 which are adapted to move into more or less complete register with the obliqueouter ends of the rear gas jet openings o and thereby vary the amount of gas which is supplied by these openings accordingly. For the purpose of enabling this ring to be inserted in the groove or seat o2 the same is split and its opposing ends are provided with ears o4 which are-connected by a bolt or screw 05, as shown in Fig. 3. Any suitable means may be provided'for turning this annular shutter, the means for this purpose shown in the drawings being suitable and consisting of a longitudinal adjusting spindle or shaft P extending through an opening' formed in the flanges h, i of the inner rear section and a web p connecting the same and provided at its front end wlth a crank pin or offset portion p1 which engages with a perforated ear p2 on the shutter o1 whileits rear end is made fiat sided to receive a'.key or handle p3 for turning this adjusting shaft. Upon turning this shaft in one direction or the other its'crank slides the annular shutter 01 circumferentially in one direction or the other, thereby varying the eifective area of the gas jet openings o and the amount of gas passing throu h the same accordingly. The rear end of t e adjusting shaft P is provided with a pointer g which traverses a scale g? on the front end of the inner rear shell section, whereby the position of theA annular shutter o may be determined. A stufling box Q is ap lied to the adjusting shaft P at the rear en ofthe opening in the flanges 7L, 't and web p for the" purpose of avoiding j leakage through this opening.

R represents a branch passa from the gas distributing cham er tothe front as chamber, fr a gas passa eleadin from t e same to the distributing y-pass and r1 the rotary plug of a valve having its port r2 so constructed that upon turning this plug in one osition communication will be established etween the. gas distributing chamber and the front gas delivery chamber,

as shown in Fig, 1, or the front was chamber may be cut off from the distributing chamber and the latter connected with the distribut-- mg by-pass `or the distributing chamber may be cut oil from the front gas chamber and the distributing by-pass. v from the front gas chamber into the mixing chamber by means of an annular row of jet openings s extending from the. periphery of' the inner rear shell section within the front gas chamber to the bottom of the spiral grooves 1 in the bore of the inner rear shell section, said jet openings being arranged to form parts of conical volutes so that the gas issuing Ifrom the openingsfs will join the air or mixture flowingthrough the same and mix prop- .ferly therewith.

r The flow of gas through the jet openings s is regulated by means vofan annular shutter 31 seated in an annular groove s2 in the eriphery of the inner rear shell section wit in the front gas chamber and provided with a plurality of oblique ports s3 which are adapted to move into more or less completefregister with the outer ends of the jet openings s upon turning the shutter s1 lcircumferentially in one direction or the other. This turning movement of the shutter is e'`ected byl means of a longitudinal adjusting shaft or spindle T journaled in openings formedin the flanges 7i, r,.jiand in a web s3 connecting the flanges h, t and provided at its front end with a crank t engaging with a perforated lug t1 on the shutter s1. Stuffing boxes t2, t3 are applied to the flanges h, j around the shaft T for preventing leakagethrough said openings which receive this shaft. At its front end the shaft T is made flat sided for the reception of a wrench or key for turning the same and this end of this shaft is also provided with a pointer u e leading The gas 'is conducted ermee traversing a scale u1 on the rear end of the inner rear shell section for determining the position of the shutter s1.

The auxiliary mixing chambers F are formed between the periphery of the inner front asnell section and an outer front shell section or nozzle V surrounding the former. The front part ofthe outer front shell section tapers forwardl at the same angle as the inner front she l section but its rear end flares ata greater angle, as shown 1J in Fig. 1, and is separated by an intervenlng space from the outer rear shell section. The auxiliary mixing chambers open at their front and rear ends but are separated lengthwise from each other by means of a plurality of internal flanges, ribs or shoulders v1 arranged in the bore of the outer front shell section engaging with similar ribs or shoulders v2 formed on the periphery of the inner front shell section.

as shown 1n Fig. 4. The outer and inner front shell sections are held in place rela-- tively to each other by means of lugs 'v3 arranged on the exterior of the rear part of the inner front shell section and screws v4 whereby the outer front shell section is secured to said lugs, as shown in Fi s. 1 and 4.

w represents a p urality of pet cocks or valves connected with the distributing bypass E and each projecting with its outlet nozzle forwardly into the rear end of one of the auxiliary mixing chambers F. ln order to prevent the gas issuing from the cocks w from striking against the internal corner between the front and rear parts of the outer front shell section an outwardly dished cavity w1 is formed on the inner side of the outer front shell section adjacent to the outlet nozzle of each cock w which o erates to lead the gas gradually from sai cock to the respective auxiliary mixing chambers, thereby preventing noise and interference with {,Jhe free flow of the gas through said chamers.

The main air supply for the burner enters 4through the rear end of the main mixing chamber and the air supply at this point is regulated by means of an adjustable closure applied to the rear end of the mixing chamber which closure is preferably constructed as follows X, X represent two semi-circular disk sections or shutters normally arranged transversely at the rear end of the main mixing chamber and having their straight edges opposing each other and adapted when arranged in line to form a complete circular disk which practically closes the rear end of the mixing chamber and shut off the air supply to the same. At their inner opposing edges these shutter sections are pivoted on the arallel legs of a loop shaped arm whic is secured at its upper end to the rear end of the mixing chamber by means of -a thumb screw x1. Upon moving the outer or free ends of the shutter sections rearwardly more or less the rear end of the main mixing chamber is uncovered in the same measure and air is accordingly admitted to s aid mixing chamber. These shutter sections are held in their adjusted position by means of` two links y, y having their opposite outer extremities pivoted to the rear side of the shutter sections while their inner ends are connected by a clamping bolt z. The pivotal connections between the links y, y and their res ective shutter sections X, X are sufcient y tight so that the friction between the links and shutters renders these parts practically one piece when the bolt Z is clamped against the links and thereby holds the same against turning on the rods x after the shuttersections have been adjusted to the desired osition. When the greatest amount of air 1s required the thumb screw x1 is loosened and the shutter sections are swung from the position shown in full lines u in Fig. 2, to theposition shown by dotted lines ini the same figure, whereby the rear end of the mixing chamber is completely uncovered.

When the greatest amount of heat is required the valve l is opened for admitting steam to the mixing chamber, the rear gas-valve N and rear shutter o1 are opened for admitting gas through the rear gas ports, the front shutter s is opened fully and the front valve r is turned so as to cut off the distributing by-pass and admit a full supply of gas to the front gas chamber. In this position of the parts the air entering through the rear end of the mixing chamber, thesteam entering throu h the jet openings l1, and the gas entering t rough the two sets of jet openings o, s form a mixture in the main mixing `chamber which u on issuing from the front end of the mixlng chamber produces a llame of maximum heating capacity.

The amount of gas admitted to the main mixing chamber should be governed by the distance from the supply to the front end of the burner in order to give the gas and air opportunity to mix properly before ignition. The rear set of gas jet openings o are therefore made larger than the front set of gas jet openings s, thereby adapting the gas supply of these sets of openings to the distance which the same travels through the 'mixing chamber before being burned and of the gas which is being used. At times the steam may be cut off entirely and a coinbustible mixture produced between the air entering at the rear end of the mixing chamber and the gas entering through both sets of jet openings o, s.

The steam in addition to servingas an element of the combustible mixture also pro-l duces a pressure on the mixture whereby the same is forced into the furnace. When the steam is cut oil the natural draft is relied on to carry the mixture from the burner to the furnace. If desired compressed air may be used and supplied by the pi e L in place of steam to produce an arti cial draft. To further reduce the heat of the flame the rear valve N may be'closed so that gas is only supplied to the front mixing chamber throu h the front set of jet openings s. l/Vhile t e steam and gas is being supplied through the openings Z1, o, s the cocks w are closed :anda

v secondary su ply of air enters thefurnace through the ranch by-passes F and mixes at the front end of the burner with .the mixture passing through the mixing chamber. When still less heat is required, the valve r1 is turned so as to shut off the supply to the front jet openings s and place the distributing by-pass E in-conimunication with the gas supply and one or more of the cocks w are opened according to the size of flame or amount of heat required. The air for admixture with Igas sup lied by the cocks w enters the rear ends o the auxiliary mixing chambers and at this time the rear airshutters X, X are closed lso as to prevent the passage of an excess amount of air through the main mixing chamber.-

By separating the auxiliary mixing chambeis from each other it is possible to maintain a flame at the front end of one or more of these chambers without interfering with each other.

From the foregoing description 4it will be noted that my impr'oved gas burner is ca-` pable of a wide range of adjustment and that it is possible to produce a combustible mixture which is capable of producing a large or a small amount of heat with economy and facility.

' I claim as my invention:

1. A gas burner comprising a shell the interior of which forms a mixing chamber and which is provided with an annular row of gas jet openings leading into the bore of said shell, an annular shutter mounted on the periphery of said shell and provided with a plurality of ports which are ada ted to register with said jet openings, and) means for turning said shutter comprising a shaft journaled on said shell and having a crank operatively connected with said shutter, substantially as set forth.`

2. A as burner comprising a shell the interior o which forms a mixing chamber and -set forth.

substantially as set forth.

6. A gas burner c ompirising a forwardlywhich is provided with an annular row of gas jet openings leadin into the bore of said shell, an annular s utter mounted on the periphery of said shell and'provided with ashoulders which are engaged by the fianges or shoulders of the inner shell and form an annular gas chamber between said shells, said inner'shell having an annular row of as jet o enings leading from said gas cham er to t e mixing chamber, an 4, annular movable shutter surrounding the inner shell Within the gas chamber and provided with ports adapted toregister with said jet openings, a lon itudinal shaft j ournaled in said .flanges of t e inner shell and provided at its front end with a crank which is operatively connected with said shutter, and al stuflng box applied to vsaid shaft, substantially as set forth.

4. A gasburner comprising a main mixing chamber, a plurality of auxiliary mixing chambers arranged in an annular rowaround said main mixing chamber, said main mixin chamber bein formed within an inner she and said auxiliary chambers being formed byl means of an outer shell surrounding the inner shell and provided with internal longitudinal I flanges en aging with similar flanges on the exterior o t Ae inner shell, substantially as 5. A gas burner comprising a forwardly tapering main mixing chamber, a plurality of auxiliary mixing chambers arranged lengthwise around said main chamber and havin the front parts of theirouter walls arranged at the .same taper as the main mixing chamber while the rear ends thereof are flared rearwardly, and gas cocks discharging into the rear ends of said auxiliary mixing chambers,

tapering main mixing chamber, a plurality of auxiliary mixing chambers arranged lengthwise around said main chamber and havingl the front parts of their outer walls arranged at the same taper as the main mixing chamber while the rear ends thereof are flared rearwardly, lugs arranged on the main mixing chamber and to which the auxiliary chambers are securedfand gas cocks discharging chambers, substantially as set forth.

7. A gas burner comprising a main mixing -into the rear ends of said auxiliary mixing mafias chamber, an annular` as chamber surroundirw the main mixing c' amber and connected with the latter by an annular row of gas jet o enings, a plurality of auxiliary mixing e ambers arranged around the main mixing chamber, a distributing by-pass, cocks connected with said distributing by-pass and adapted to discharge into said auxiliary mixing chambers, a gasV supply, and a Valve adapted to connect the gas supply either with said annular gas chamber or said dis tributing by-pass, substantially as set forth.

8. A gas burner comprising' a mixing eliamber, and a shutter for controlling the admission of air to said mixing chamber having two sections which are pivoted at their opposing edges and an arm carrying said seetions and adjustably connected with said mixing chamber, substantially as set forth.

9. A gas burner comprising a mixing sham: ber and a shutter for controlling the admission of air to said mixing chamber having two sections which are pivoted at their opposing edges, an arm which carries said sections and which is adjustably connected with said chamber, and means whereby said shutter sections are held at diferentangles relatively to each other consisting of two links pivotally connected at their outer ends to said shutter sections, and a clamping bolt connecting the inner ends of said sections, substantially as set forth,

Witness my hand this 13th day of March,

EDWARD SCHUMACHER. Witnesses z THEO. L. Por?, ANNA Hnrers. 

